綔鎺╄锛屾湞姝瑰緬鐢╁嚭涓鏋氭柟鎵嶆渻鍫翠笂鐧兼斁鐨勯姘磋│绱欙紝瑭︾礄灏勪腑闁嬫姝瑰緬鐨勬墜鑳岋紝姝瑰緬鎮跺摷涓鑱诧紝鎵嬫婊戣惤锛屼絾灏嶆柟涔熶笉鏄渷娌圭殑鐕堬紝鍦ㄦ墜妲嶈惤鍦板墠渚挎帴璧凤紝杩呴熻棌韬湪鏌卞瓙寰屾柟銆?br />
銆屽乏寰屾柟瀹夊叏闁銆傘嶉粠鏃敥浜嗙敥闋紝鎯冲姫鍔涗繚鎸佹竻閱掞紝绀烘剰姝愬濯楀緸瀹夊叏闁閫冭劔銆?br />
浣嗕笉鏂欏畨鍏ㄩ杸鏃╀竴姝ヨ鎵撻枊锛屼竴鍚嶉粦琛ｄ汉姝ｈ鑸夎捣鎵嬫锛屽嵒琚粠鏃嚭鎵嬫搳钀斤紝姝愬濯楁嬀璧锋墜妲嶆搳涓粦琛ｄ汉鍙宠偐锛屽張鍥炶韩闁嬫閫奸寰屾柟閫艰繎鐨勯粦琛ｄ汉銆?br />
銆岄倓鏈変笁鍊嬨傘嶉粠鏃墜鍒鎿婃槒鍓涙墠涓鐨勯粦琛ｄ汉锛屾媺钁楁瓙濡楀獥闁冨叆涓鏃佺殑寤傚瀷杌婂拰璺戣粖涓枔锛屽緸宸﹂倞鏄柟鎵嶈姝愬濯楀皠涓墜鑳岀殑榛戣。浜猴紝鍙抽倞閭勬湁鍏╁悕涔熸鍦ㄩ艰繎銆?br />
銆屽緸杌婇亾涓婂幓銆傘嶅叐浜鸿棄鐢卞懆鍦嶈粖杓涚殑鎺╄斀锛岄爢钁楄粖閬撳線涓婁竴灞ゆ〒璺戝幓銆?br />
鐒惰屼笂涓灞ゆ〒涔熸湁鍏╁悕鎸佹鐨勯粦琛ｄ汉寰呭懡锛岀湅鍒颁粬鍊戝湪杌婇亾鐝捐韩锛屼究鏈濅粬鍊戝皠鎿婏紝榛庢棴鍜屾瓙濡楀獥閫ｅ繖绔勫叆杌婅紱闁撲紡浣庤翰閬匡紝鑰屽師鏈湪搴曚笅鐨勪笁鍚嶉粦琛ｄ汉姝ゅ埢涔熻稌渚嗗寘鎶勶紝姝ｇ暥鍏╀汉鍏╁伌鍙楁暤锛屾湁涓杓涜粖绐佺劧鍑虹従鍦ㄥ墠鏂瑰綆閬擄紝闃讳綇鍏╀汉鍘昏矾銆?br />
銆屼笂杌婏紒銆嶈粖闁鎵撻枊锛屽腑钂欏湪椐曢搴т笂鍚戝叐浜哄ぇ鍠娿備絾鍏╁悕榛戣。浜轰篃寰炶粖灏炬柟鍚戞ラ熼艰繎銆?br />
銆屽揩涓婅粖锛併嶆瓙濡楀獥闁嬩簡鍏╂锛屽皣鍏╁悕榛戣。浜洪奸鍦ㄦ煴瀛愬緦锛屾帺璀烽粠鏃笂杌婏紝姝ｇ暥榛庢棴瑕佷笂杌婃檪锛屾瓙濡楀獥娉ㄦ剰鍒伴粠鏃儗寰屽嚭鐝剧磪澶栫窔鐬勬簴鍣ㄧ殑绱呭厜锛屽ス鎯充篃涓嶆兂灏辨挷涓婂墠璀蜂綇榛庢棴鐨勮儗閮紝鍚屾檪灏囬粠鏃帹鍏ヨ粖鍏э紝甯挋鐪嬪叐浜洪兘涓婁簡杌婇毃鍗崇伀閫熷皣杌婂瓙闁嬭蛋銆?br />
銆屼綘娌掆︹﹀彈鍌峰惂锛熴嶆瓙濡楀獥璧疯韩鍓嶈繀閫熸鏌ヤ簡榛庢棴鍛ㄨ韩锛屽垢濂芥矑鏈夋槑椤鍌枫?br />
銆屽Τ閮介欐ǎ閭勫晱鎴戞湁娌掓湁浜嬶紵銆嶉粠鏃殑鑱查煶寰堜笉灏嬪父锛屽腑钂欓忛亷寰岃閺＄櫦鐝撅紝姝愬濯楅潬鍦ㄩ粠鏃韩涓婏紝鍙宠吙澶栧伌鏈夊ぇ閲忕殑鍑鸿銆?br />
銆屽皪鏂光︹︾敤鐨勬槸1907骞翠箣寰屸︹﹀凡缍撹绂佺敤鐨勫瓙褰堬紝寰為欓粸杩解︹︽噳瑭插彲浠モ︹︽煡鍑哄皪鏂圭殑韬垎鈥︹︺嶆瓙濡楀獥鎸囪憲宓屽湪甯挋妞呰儗寰屾柟鐨勮姳褰㈠綀娈硷紝鏂风簩鐨勮鍑哄ス瀵熻鐨勭窔绱?br />
銆屼笉鍑嗗啀瑾┍浜嗭紒銆嶉粠鏃畵姝愬濯楀伌韬哄湪鑷繁鑵夸笂锛屾媶涓嬮牁甯剁秮鍦ㄦ瓙濡楀獥鍙宠吙鏍归儴姝㈣锛屾瓙濡楀獥澶ц吙澶栧伌琚瓙褰堟摝閭婃搳涓紝鏈夊ぇ绡勫湇鐨勬繁灞ゆ挄瑁傚偡鍜屽拰瀛愬綀纰庣墖鐨勬棆杞夊壊鍌凤紝鐪嬪緱榛庢棴闆欑湁绶婄毢鐬冲瓟绶婄府锛岃屾瓙濡楀獥鍥犲ぇ閲忓け琛鑰屾厴鐧界殑鑷夛紝鏇磋畵浠栧績涓恭鐝惧挤鐑堢殑鎲ゆ掋?br />
銆屽腑钂欙紝鎴戣鐭ラ亾鏄骞圭殑銆傘?br />
銆屾槸鐨勶紝灏戠埡銆傘?br />
榛庢棴蹇熷湴鎷垮嚭鎵嬫鎾ヨ櫉銆?br />
銆岃丹鍙革紝鎴戦渶瑕佷綘骞繖銆傘?br />
銆屽皯鐖猴紝閱敓瑾灏忓鏈蹇鏄庡ぉ鈥︹﹀櫌锛岄亷浜嗗崄浜岄粸浜嗭紝鏈蹇浠婂ぉ涓嬪崍鎵嶆渻娓呴啋锛屾偍鍦ㄩ偅涔嬪墠锛岄倓璜嬪ソ濂戒紤鎭傘嶅腑钂欑湅钁楀潗鍦ㄦ瓙濡楀獥鐥呭簥鏃佷竴鑷夋唫鎱殑榛庢棴锛屼笉绂侀枊鍙ｃ?br />
闆栫劧鍙槸鎿﹀偡锛屽瓙褰堟矑鏈夊皠鍏ヨ吙閮紝浣嗘槸鐮磋鐨勭鐗囧妰鐮翠簡鑲″嫊鑴堬紝鍦ㄩ茶琛绠′慨寰╂墜琛撴檪涓搴﹀洜琛閲忎笉瓒宠屾儏娉佸嵄鎬ワ紝鎵嬭涓鐩撮茶鍒板噷鏅ㄥ叐榛烇紝鍦ㄩ欐鏈熼枔鍏э紝榛庢棴涓鐩村畧钁楋紝娌掓湁闆㈤枊銆?br />
銆岀暥鍒濇垜涓嶆噳瑭叉妸濂圭暀涓嬩締鐨勩傘嶉粠鏃紩杓曞湴瑾?br />
銆屽皯鐖衡︹︺?br />
銆屼綘鏄庢槑娌掓湁鎶婂ス鍒楀湪鍚嶅柈瑁＄殑銆傘?br />
銆屾偍闇瑕佸啀鐪嬩竴娆￠偅浠藉悕鍠棊锛熴嶅腑钂欏皣鍚嶅柈绉鍦ㄥ钩鏉夸笂锛岄仦绲﹂粠鏃?br />
銆屼綘鎸戝咕鍊嬭韩鎵嬪ソ鐨勶紝灏堜换鎴戠殑闅ㄦ増銆傘?br />
銆岄偅濡楀皬濮愨︹︺?br />
銆屽ス閭勬槸鎴戠殑鐗瑰姪銆傘?br />
銆屽皯鐖衡︹︺?br />
銆屽垾鎿斿績锛屾垜鏈冨幓璺熺埡浜ゆ秹銆傘?br />
銆屼簡瑙ｃ傘?br />
鐣舵